Almost everyone knows Andorra for skiing and shopping. But the country behind them is far more unusual. A few things that surprise anyone who starts looking at it seriously.
A country with two heads of state and no army
Andorra is a co-principality: its heads of state are the Bishop of Urgell and the President of the French Republic. And in more than eleven centuries of documented history—the first written mention dates from 843—it has never had an army: there isn't even a ministry of defence.
The highest capital in Europe
Andorra la Vella sits at 1.050 metres above sea level. The whole country fits into 468 square kilometres, more than 90% of which is natural landscape: three nature parks and dozens of hiking routes through mountains, forests, rivers and lakes.
A solid economy, open to the world
Trade and tourism—with millions of visitors every year—and the financial sector underpin the economy, with public debt far lower than that of neighbouring countries. Andorra uses the euro, has been a member of the International Monetary Fund since 2020 and is negotiating an Association Agreement with the European Union.
A tax haven? No: competitive and transparent
It's the classic question, and the answer is no. Andorra stopped being considered a tax haven from 2010 onwards, with information exchange agreements and legislation that drove transparency. What it offers today is different: a competitive tax framework within international standards.
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